This design guideline covers the basic element of packed hydraulics in sufficient detail to allow an engineer to design a packed column with the suitable size, material and hydraulic characteristic of packed. The selection of type, material, and hydraulic characteristic of packing should be considered on surface area because it is essentially for heat and mass transfer. The choice of packing and distributor design is crucial to maintain the reliability of a fouling service column. The performance of a packed column is dependent on the maintenance of good liquid and vapor distribution throughout the packed bed and it is important consideration in packed column design. The internal fittings in a packed column are simpler than those in a plate column but must be carefully designed to ensure good performance.
See Full PDF See Full PDFThis design guideline covers the basic elements of tray hydraulics in sufficient detail to allow an engineer to design a trayed tower with the suitable size of tray spacing, weir height, holes, down-comer, and open area. These factors will influential flooding and weeping, and will effect the tray performance, capacity and efficiency. The design of trays depends on the density, the rate of vapor and liquid through the tray. Each tray in a distillation column is designed to promote contact between the vapor and liquid on the stage, so there is mass and heat transfer. Ideally, the vapor and liquid leaving the stage are in equilibrium. Equilibrium is a function of the rate of mass and heat transfer between liquid and vapor in distillation and it has an effect on the efficiency of tray.
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Mass Transfer in Chemical Engineering Processes
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Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
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For distillation column design it is necessary to define all the variable parameters such as component concentrations in different streams temperatures, pressures, mass and energy flow, which are used to represent the separation process of some specific system. They are related to each other according to specific laws, and if the number of such parameters exceeds the number of their relationships, in order to solve a problem some of them must be specified in advance or some constraints assumed for the mass balance, the balance of energy, phase equilibria or chemical equilibria. Knowledge of specific elements which are the constituents of a distillation unit must be known to define the number of design parameters as well as some additional apparati also necessary to realize the distilation. Each separate apparatus might be designed and constructed only if all the necessary and variable parameters for such a unit are defined. This is the right route to solve a distilation unit in many.
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